Panama

The Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty was an agreement between the United States and the newly independent Republic of Panama. It granted the U.S. the authority to construct and manage the Panama Canal. U.S. Secretary of State John Hay negotiated the treaty with Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla, a French…

The United States and Panama signed two agreements that ended U.S. control over the Panama Canal. The first treaty, the Panama Canal Treaty, established a schedule for Panama to take over canal operations. Full control was set for the end of 1999. The second, called the Neutrality Treaty, ensured…

<p><span class="deck"> The Big Ditch had so far been a colossal flop, and Teddy Roosevelt desperately needed an engineering genius who could take over the job and “make the dirt fly.” The answer was not the famous Goethals, but a man whom history has forgotten.</span> </p>

<p><span class="deck"> <span class="typestyle"> Mile for mile, it cost more in dollars—and lives—than any railroad ever built</span> </span></p>